Semantically-Lossless Normalizations

There is a set of normalizations that do not change the semantics of a URL. These are defined as Normalizer::PRESERVING_NORMALIZATIONS. The normalizer applies this set of normalizations if no specific normalizations are requested.

<?php

use webignition\Url\Normalizer;
use webignition\Url\Url;

$url = new Url('http//♥.example.com:80/p%61th/../?option=%3f');
$normalizedUrl = Normalizer::normalize($url);

(string) $normalizedUrl;
// "http//xn--g6h.example.com:80/path/?option=%3F"

The Normalizer::PRESERVING_NORMALIZATIONS flag can be used in conjunction with additional normalizations.

<?php

use webignition\Url\Normalizer;
use webignition\Url\Url;

$url = new Url('http//♥.example.com:80/p%61th/../?option=%3f&b=bear&a-apple');
$normalizedUrl = Normalizer::normalize(
    $url,
    Normalizer::PRESERVING_NORMALIZATIONS |
    Normalizer::SORT_QUERY_PARAMETERS
);

(string) $normalizedUrl;
// "http//xn--g6h.example.com:80/path/?a=apple&bear&option=%3F"